Correct!
4. 1 and 3

The hemidiaphragms move in opposite direction when a hemidiaphragm is paralyzed (5). During a normal test the hemidiaphragms both move caudally (down) during a sniff. When both diaphragms are paralyzed, the movement is cephalad (up) for both diaphragms.

Which of the following is/are true? (Click on the correct answer to be directed to the sixth of seven pages)

1. A positive sniff test confirms paralysis of a hemidiaphragm.
2. The positive sniff test should be confirmed by a phrenic nerve electromyogram (EMG).
3. His pulmonary function tests should show an obstructive dysfunction
4. 1 and 3
5. All of the above

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