Correct!
5. All of the above
Lobar torsion is a rare but potentially fatal post-lobectomy complication (2). It most commonly involves the right middle lobe after a right upper or right lower lobectomy, but also occurs in left lung. The incidence is variably reported as 0.089% to 0.3%. The pathophysiology is controversial. Lobar torsion occurs due to an axial, usually clockwise, rotation of the lung with subsequent airway and vascular obstruction. An attempt at surgical de-torsion can be considered if the lung appears viable, but in the majority of cases a completion pneumonectomy is life-saving as these patients can deteriorate quickly as lung develops gangrene.
The patient recovered well postoperatively and has done well in follow-up.
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